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22 May 2018
Brief

The Summer After Kindergarten: Children’s Experiences by Socioeconomic Characteristics

Jeremy Redford and Stephanie Burns, AIR
John Ralph, National Center for Education Statistics
L. Jane Hall, Activate Research, Inc.

The summer months can hold a wide range of different activities for elementary students, with numerous options including family vacations, camps, and home learning activities. Children who come from different socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds may have different access to various activities as well as different arrangements for primary care during the summer months. Variations in summer activities and care arrangements in the summer following kindergarten may have significance in achievements gaps widening by SES during this time. These achievement gaps may also have association with future high school achievement and college enrollment. 

This Statistics in Brief serves to investigate contributing factors to achievement gaps in the summer after kindergarten. Data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011) is used to compare participation in summer activities across two socioeconomic characteristics—household poverty status and parents' highest level of education—while information on summer activities was gathered through interviews with parents or guardians in the fall of 2011 when most children had just completed kindergarten. This brief is organized by study question and each section is presented first for the overall student population, then household poverty status, and parents' highest level of education.

PDF icon The Summer After Kindergarten: Children’s Experiences by Socioeconomic Characteristics (PDF)

Related Projects

Project

Early Childhood Longitudinal Studies (ECLS)

The Early Childhood Longitudinal Studies (ECLS) program offers the first nationally representative study of early childhood development and education in the United States. The ECLS program currently has three separate longitudinal studies fielded by the National Center for Education Statistics: The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–99; the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort; the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study of 2010–11.

Further Reading

  • English Language Program Participation Among Students in the Kindergarten Class of 2010-11: Spring 2011 to Spring 2012
  • The Years Before School: Children’s Nonparental Care Arrangements From 2001 to 2012
  • ESSA │Early Childhood and Childhood Development
  • The Early Reading and Mathematics Achievement of Children Who Repeated Kindergarten or Who Began School a Year Late
  • Infographic: Immigrant Kindergartners in the United States
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Jeremy Redford

Jeremy Redford

Senior Researcher

Topic

Education
Equity in Education
Longitudinal Education Studies
Early Childhood and Child Development

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